The essence of human
rights in Islam
The formulation of the
above human rights is generally the same as those preceded by the early
scholars, who are unlikely to be like the West. Meanwhile, if we look further
in the final fatwa of the Prophet who was advised at the Hajj Wada 'event, 1400
years ago in Mecca, we will find that the rights declared in the UDHR
(Universal Declaration of Human Right) on the UN Charter, have a significant
correlation between the two, even to say far before the existence of the UDHR,
Islam has upholds the values of human rights in its teaching system. Here is
an excerpt from the sermon of the Prophet:
Listen to me O People,
because I do not know if I'll see you here next year. All idol worship customs
have been wiped out under my feet. Arabs are no higher than the non-Arabs, and
non-Arabs are no higher than the Arabs. You are all the sons of Adam, and Adam
was created from the ground. Really, all Muslims are brothers. Your slaves, eat
as you eat, and dress as you dress. The bloody hostility that occurred during
the ignorance has been banned. Remember God when you have a woman. You have the
right to them and they are entitled to you. In fact, you should consider your
own blood, property, and honor that can not
be tampered with until the Day of Judgment. In fact, a man is only responsible
for his own actions. Children are not responsible for the actions of their
father, nor are their fathers responsible for the crime of their children. When
a defective Abesinian slave holds over you and guides you according to the Book
of Allah, then obey him "(Bukhori t.th).
The proclamation of the
Qur'an through the above verse contains the principle of recognition and
protection of human rights as the fundamental rights that God has given him.
Recognition and protection of these rights in the Islamic political system are
emphasized in three main points, namely (1) human equality; (2) human dignity;
and (3) human freedom (Azhary 1992: 95). In human equality, as described in the
previous discussion of the principle of "equality", the Qur'an has
outlined and designated a common status or position for all human beings.
